What Type of Wiring Powers Your Home? Discover Now!

When it comes to the type of wiring used in homes, the most commonly used form is what is known as non-metallic, or cable. This type of wiring is also known by the name of Romex cable, which is most likely the name that many have heard when referencing this type of wiring. NM cable typically contains three or more conductors, which are all contained within the same jacket. Some of the benefits of using non-metallic cable wiring include:

Cost-effective: Non-metallic cable is generally less expensive than other types of wiring.

Ease of installation: Because all of the conductors are contained within the same jacket, this type of wiring is relatively easy to install.

Wide availability: Non-metallic cable wiring can be found at most hardware stores and home improvement centers.

Ease of identification: The cables are typically color-coded, making it easy to identify which conductor is which.

While non-metallic cable wiring is the most commonly used type of wiring in homes, it is important to note that there are other types of wiring that may be used, depending on the specific needs of the home. For example, older homes may have aluminum wiring, which has been known to pose a fire hazard due to its tendency to overheat. In newer homes, copper wiring may be used, which is known for its durability and long-lasting qualities. Regardless of the type of wiring used, it is essential to ensure that it is installed correctly and up to code in order to ensure the safety of the home and its occupants.

Non-Metallic Wiring (NM)

Non-metallic wiring (NM) is the most common form of electrical wiring used in homes. Also known as cable, it is used to distribute power throughout the house, providing a safe and efficient means of supplying electricity to various appliances and lights. NM wiring is composed of two or more insulated conductors held together with a flexible sheath or jacket. The insulation protects the conductor and prevents it from coming into contact with other wires or nearby materials which could cause a short circuit or fire hazard.

Romex Cable – The Most Common Type of NM Wiring

Romex cable is the most well-known name for non-metallic wiring (NM). It is a brand name for a specific type of NM cable manufactured by Southwire Company. Romex cable is widely used in homes due to its cost-effectiveness and easy installation. It is available in a variety of sizes and configurations to suit different electrical needs. The cable consists of two or more insulated conductors wrapped in a sheath made of tough, flame-retardant PVC material. The PVC sheath protects the wires from abrasion and other damage, making it ideal for use in both residential and commercial environments.

Conductors – The Components of NM Wiring

Conductors are the most important components of non-metallic wiring. They are made of copper or aluminum and are responsible for transmitting electrical current from one point to another. Copper is preferred over aluminum as it is a better conductor of electricity, which means less energy is lost as heat when electricity flows through it. The conductors are insulated with a plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE). The insulation protects the conductor from coming into contact with other wires or nearby materials, which could cause a short circuit or fire hazard.

Number of Conductors in NM Wiring

The number of conductors in non-metallic wiring (NM) varies depending on the intended use. NM cable is available in a variety of sizes, each with a specific number of conductors. The most common sizes used in residential applications are 12-gauge and 14-gauge, with two or three conductors. Two conductor cables are used for light switches and electrical outlets, while three conductor cables are used for three way switches and other specialized applications.

Other Types of Electrical Wiring Used in Homes

While non-metallic wiring (NM) is the most commonly used wiring in homes, there are other types of electrical wiring that can be used in certain situations. Some of these include:

• Armoured cable (AC) – used in areas where the wiring is exposed to damage or extreme temperatures
• Flexible metal conduit (FMC) – used in areas where the wiring needs to be flexible or offers a conduit for wiring to be pulled through
• Electrical metallic tubing (EMT) – used in areas where the wiring needs to be encased in a metal conduit for protection against any potential hazards

Each type of wiring has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of wiring used will depend on the specific needs and requirements of the building.

Advantages of Non-Metallic Wiring in Homes

Non-metallic wiring (NM) is preferred in homes for various reasons, including:

• Cost – NM cable is relatively inexpensive compared to other types of wiring
• Easy Installation – NM cable is easy to install, requiring only basic electrical knowledge or the assistance of a professional electrician for more complex installations
• Flexibility – NM cable is flexible, allowing it to be easily adjusted or routed around the home
• Safety – The plastic sheath of NM cable provides an extra layer of protection against the risk of electrical shock or fire hazards

Overall, non-metallic wiring (NM) is a reliable and cost-effective method of distributing power throughout homes and buildings. Choosing the right type of wiring will depend on a number of factors, including the specific needs of the building and the skill level of the individual installing it. When in doubt, it is always best to consult with a professional electrician to ensure that the wiring is installed safely and up to code.