Introduction: The Architecture of Paris
Paris, the capital of France, is as well-known for its architecture as it is for its stunning museums, art, and fashion. The city is packed with iconic structures and buildings that have made it the world’s number one tourist destination. However, when it comes to the style of its buildings, Paris is a city that has gone through many changes over the centuries. Today, one style of architecture that stands out from the rest is the Haussmann style of architecture, also referred to as Haussmannian, which has shaped the modern-day Paris.The Haussmann Style: An Overview
Haussmannian architecture has come to be associated with Paris, and its buildings have become an integral part of the city’s identity. The term “Haussmann” refers to the French City Planner Baron Haussmann, who was responsible for one of the most ambitious urban planning projects in the history of Paris – the complete redesign and transformation of the city’s streets and architecture.History of the Haussmannian Architecture
Haussmann’s plan to rebuild Paris was initiated by Napoleon III in the mid-19th century with the hope of creating a new, modern, and efficient city. Haussmann, who served as the Prefect of the Seine from 1853 – 1870, was given the task of transforming Paris from a medieval city to a modern one. Under his watch, the city’s narrow, winding streets were replaced with boulevards and large public squares, creating better traffic flow, increasing spaces for public life, and transforming Paris into a new destination for tourism.Key Features of Haussmannian Buildings
Haussmann buildings are highly recognizable for their neoclassical style, which features intricate stonework, elegant wrought-iron balconies, tall windows, and mansard roofs. These buildings are usually six floors high, often with commercial space at their base and residential apartments on the upper floors. Here are some of the key features of Haussmannian architecture:- Tall ceilings and large windows that allow for plenty of natural light
- Symmetrical design with identical facades on either side of the building
- Elaborate balconies adorned with ornate ironwork
- Chimneys made of stone or terracotta, which are often ornately decorated
- Flat roofs on the top floor with pitched roofs on the bottom levels
Examples of Haussmannian Buildings in Paris
Haussmannian architecture can be found throughout the city, but the best places to look for examples are on Paris’s grand boulevards, including Boulevard Haussmann, Boulevard Saint-Germain, and Rue de Rivoli. Some of the most notable examples of Haussmannian architecture in Paris include:- The Opera Garnier
- The Galeries Lafayette
- The Place Vendome
- The Palais Garnier